prestressed concrete bridge design example

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(October 8, 1998). The new bridge was longer, so the existing concrete bridge abutments, along with some existing fill, were left in place to serve as GRS facing (Figure 2). Calculate the Moment Capacity of Algorithms for predicting permanent deforma tions were applied to a number of test cases that were modeled in the laboratory. For this example, the value corresponding to q = 0.5 TSF is used. Assume the stresses and strains vary linearly. NO GO!! Bridge In 2005, the planning, design and construction of the first bridge made of textile reinforced concrete took place as part of the State Horticultural Show in Oschatz/Saxony. RHS Consulting Design, LLC. See Figure 7.2-14 for locations of the critical sections. However, due to the uncertainties in evaluating the soil response to static, cycling, dynamic, and seismic loading, the service load design method is usually used for abutment stability checks and the load factor method is used for the design of abutment components. and A, = footing depth-cover- (bottom bar diameter) Estimated dead load abutment reactions for a 24 ft roadway width 27 Figure 4.3. Finally, elegance is a symbolic or visual principle that puts value on the personal expression of the designer without compromising performance or economy. A day shown on the calendar. Design Step 2 - Example Bridge Prestressed Concrete Bridge Design Example 8" Reinforced Concrete Deck 1'-10" 1'-8 1/4" 5 spa at 9' - 8" 9" 55' - 4 1/2" Total Width 52' Roadway Width Figure 2-2 - Bridge Cross-Section 2.2 Girder geometry and section properties Basic beam section properties Beam length, L = 110 ft. - 6 in. An example of a mix design using recycled aggregates in a pavement application is shown following table. Quick fixes have been obvious but some major changes have come slowly that one needs to search deep into Caltrans practice to identify. midas Civil is the best bridge design software for structural engineers. Roberts1, and A.D. Benson1 1Atkins. Which of the following statements is not correct. For the purpose of this example, a computer program that calculates the maximum and minimum of each load effect and the other concurrent load effects was used. Exceptions to CSA-S6-14 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) requirements are noted in this Section 2. Alternatively, for load calculations, d, = 9.83(1.83) + 0.5(9.96 - 9.83)(1.83) According to S10.6.3.1.2c, for cohesionless soil, the nominal bearing resistance of a layer of the soil in TSF may be determined as: From Table S10.6.3.1.2c-2: N = 30 for f = 32 degrees, From Table S10.6.3.1.2c-2: Nq = 23 for f = 32 degrees. The critical face along the x-axis = 4.45-31.4/12 = 1.833 ft. from the edge of the footing. The environmental impact of concrete, its manufacture and applications, are complex, driven in part by direct impacts of construction and infrastructure, as well as by CO 2 emissions; between 4-8% of total global CO 2 emissions come from concrete. and A, = 170 k/in. 202-366-4000. Comprehensive Design Example for Prestressed Concrete (PSC) Girder Bridge (.pdf, 2 mb) Memos. = 30.3 in. Projects in the public or private sector that were submitted for initial review after October 1, 2022, must comply with all standards in the 2022 Infrastructure Design Manual. The maximum factored horizontal load on the bottom of the column from the bent analysis equals 46.0 and 26.0 kips in the transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively. Str-I: load responses factored using Strength I limit state load factors. Concrete Many depend on circumstances. In the following sections, the word "pier" is used to refer to the intermediate pier or intermediate bent. PDA with Dynamic Signal Matching. Thus, there was a need to establish an easy to use design methodology in addition to generating generic abutment standards and other design aids for the more common substructure. Dynamic. Applied Strength I moment, Mu = 1,015.5 k-ft, Applied Service I moment, Ms = 653.3 k-ft (from computer software). Substituting in Eqs. What are recommended mix proportions for good concrete? In tied compression members, all longitudinal bars are enclosed by lateral ties. The steel A good general rule to use is the rule of 6's: The nominal shear resistance, Vnx, is taken as the lesser of: The nominal shear resistance is then taken as the lesser of: For two-way action for sections without transverse reinforcement, the nominal shear resistance, Vn in kips, of the concrete shall be taken as: The nominal shear resistance, Vn, cannot exceed the following: The maximum factored vertical force for punching shear calculations equals the maximum factored axial load on the footing minus the factored weight of the footing. in each direction on all faces (S5.10.8.2). Bridge Design Manual Original 1/26/15 General - Incorporated Standard Specification guidance from GDOT Bridge and Structures Design Manual into LRFD Bridge Manual to produce a consolidated manual Section 1.3.3 - Added requirement to submit design calculations in PDF format Section 1.4.3.1 - Added guidance for when a deck. Slab culverts are suitable for maximum span of. The equations used to determine the girder live load distribution produce the maximum possible live load distributed to a girder without consideration to the live load distributed concurrently to the surrounding girders. From the load analysis of the bent: For compression members with flexure, the value of may be increased linearly from axial (0.75) to the value for flexure (0.9) as the factored axial load resistance, Pn, decreases from 0.10fcAg to zero. Railroad bridge abutments shall be designed according to the AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering, Volume 2, for the live load specified by the railroad. ), = 12 in. London Bridge midas Civil is the best bridge design software for structural engineers. Therefore, for each load case shown in Table 7.2-4, a unique combination of the footing effective dimensions is used. Contact Cookie Info. A preliminary analysis of the footing yielded the following information: According to S5.13.3.6.1, the critical section for one-way shear is at a distance dv, the shear depth calculated in accordance with S5.8.2.9, from the face of the column. Small differences between dv assumed here for load calculations and the final dv will not result in significant difference in the final results. Where is the Golden Gate Bridge? CONCRETE AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS. London Bridge Stress in the steel, fs, actual = (Msc/I)n, where M is the moment action on the section. Wingwalls are a necessary component of most FIAB. Design all other abutments according to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. The effects of the change in superstructure length due to temperature changes and, in some cases, due to concrete shrinkage, are typically considered in the design of the substructure. Figure 1: Basic Bridge Components 13 To assist our preliminary analysis it was important to understand the basic components of a bridge as well as gain a firm grasp on different design specifications. The Deck Span Width of a Beam Bridge Is Naturally Limited by Its Design. Initially, general information about bridge abutments, their geometry and functions is provided. CHAPTER 3 SUBSTRUCTURES Bridge Plan Development Guide March 1, 2007 3-10 A. Notwithstanding Clause 1.3.2 (General administrative definitions) of the CHBDC, Regulatory Authority shall be defined as the. From the lists below, Click on the file type icon to download files. Steel-reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving (see below).In many domestic and industrial buildings, a thick Bridge horizontal alignment is straight. The design of seat extender is similar to corbel design and there are several forces that must be considered while the steel, which is employed to join seat extender to the face of cap beam or abutment, is designed. This can be determined for each separate load case, or for simplicity as shown here, it can be taken as the ratio of the maximum factored permanent load from all cases to the maximum factored total load moment from all cases at the point of interest. Figure 7.2-10 - Critical Sections for Moment. Princes Bridge is wider, 30 metres compared with 26 metres, but with 3 spans of 33 metres and an overall length of 131 metres, it is much shorter than Blackfriars Bridge's 5 spans with a . Bridge Engineering book by S Ponnuswamy Free Download In this section, we are providing Bridge Engineering book by S Ponnuswamy free download pdf. Interpolate between L/B = 1 and 2. Completed, signed and sealed by a Professional Engineer registered in the state of the bridge location. Determine "a", depth of the equivalent stress block. Integral Abutment Integral abutment is stub abutment on single row of flexible piles and constructed without joints. = 3(12)-3- (1.128), For a strip 12 in. An analytical study considering the effect of uncertainties in the seismic analysis of bridge abutments is presented. Hazards Associated with Strand Restraint Devices in Manufacturing Prestressed Concrete Beams. March 2020 (PDF, 4.26 MB) February 2018 (PDF, 3.41 MB) March 2017 (PDF, 3.38 MB). Existing Abutments: GRS structures can be constructed behind existing bridge abutments, subject to PennDOT approval. However, due to the uncertainties in evaluating the soil response to static, cycling, dynamic, and seismic loading, the service load design method is usually used for abutment stability checks and the load factor method is used for the design of abutment components. = 21.19 + 0.67 PDF | ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF T-GIRDER BRIDGE AT BALKUMARI, KATHMANDU-LALITPUR | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate There are some disadvantages to precast concrete. Environmental impact of concrete The pressures specified in the specifications are assumed to be caused by a base wind velocity, VB., of 100 mph. The procedure presented in this technical supplement is appropriate for the design of abutments for the relatively small bridges typically constructed in NRCS work. Bridge. Concrete slab Design Step 2 - Example Bridge Prestressed Concrete Bridge Design Example 8" Reinforced Concrete Deck 1'-10" 1'-8 1/4" 5 spa at 9' - 8" 9" 55' - 4 1/2" Total Width 52' Roadway Width Figure 2-2 - Bridge Cross-Section 2.2 Girder geometry and section properties Basic beam section properties Beam length, L = 110 ft. - 6 in. FHWA NHI-10-024 Volume I and NHI-10-025 Volume II, Design and Construction of Mechanically Stabilized Earth. LL + IM: live load + impact transferred from the superstructure Construction The critical face along the y-axis = 4.45-30.3/12 = 1.925 ft. from the edge of the footing. Carbon concrete The use of integral abutments in bridge design has so far been accepted by 28 state high way departments and the District Construction Office of Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Region 15. Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. They are discussed below. Provisions specific to the slenderness of concrete columns are listed in S5.7.4.3. Bannister1, D.M. Design Example This analysis procedure is modified to better consider the findings of this work and it is recommended to use in the design of bridge foundations subjected to lateral spreading. Steel-reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving (see below).In many domestic and industrial buildings, a thick This check is conducted similarly to the check shown above for the distribution about the footing length and the reinforcement is found to be adequate. For small or low structures, such as this example, wind usually does not govern. This necessitates that realistic rates of corrosion are used, and that protection to the sheet piles is provided where necessary. Dimensions, Area, and Design Data for Prestressed Concrete Girders (AASHTO Types II through IV) 6-67 Dimensions, Area, and Design Data for Prestressed Concrete Girders (AASHTO Types V and VI, Modified Bulb Tees) 6-68 Details for Type IIPrestressedConcreteGirder Without Notch 6-69 Details for Type III Prestressed Concrete Girder Without Notch In: Stream Stability and Scour at Highway Bridges. = 21.9 k/ft, = 31.4 in. BD-3 - Bridge Deck Drain Details, if applicable. R. sdd = 250/400(DD)reduced side resistance during driving. Comprehensive Design Example for Prestressed Concrete (PSC) Girder Bridge (.pdf, 2 mb) Memos. When a bridge is made up of beams spanning between only two supports, it is called a simply supported beam bridge. Finally. CHAPTER 3 SUBSTRUCTURES Bridge Plan Development Guide March 1,. seismic resistance of bridge abutments and the resisting moment offered by the foundation soil. 2. The more recent editions of the. When vehicles are present, the design wind pressure is applied to both the structure and vehicles. For the circular column in this example, the face of the column is assumed to be located at the face of an equivalent square area concentric with the circular column in accordance with S5.13.3.4. In this example, we will be calculating the design wind pressure for a warehouse structure located in Aachen, Germany. Construction .375 in wall Plunge Length Bo n Centralizer Top of Dense Gravel Plunge Length B o Centralizer Top of Dense Gravel Case 1 Type B Reinforcing. In these two procedures sustainable practices were looked at in an effort to reduce costs. The project will involve full replacement of the existing bridge with a longer (37'-7" feet span) and wider (38'-10" feet out-to-out) structure supported on new reinforced concrete abutments. The longitudinal wind pressure loading induces forces acting parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge. Dead load + live load negative service load moment = -1,572.4 k-ft, Transformed steel area = (total steel bar area)(modular ratio) = 14.0(9) = 126 in2. Therefore, the factored flexural resistance, Mr, can be calculated as follows: The maximum amount of nonprestressed reinforcement shall be such that: Unless otherwise specified, at any section of a flexural component, the amount of nonprestressed tensile reinforcement must be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance, Mr, at least equal to the lesser of: Minimum required section resistance = 774.1 k-ft, Provided section resistance = 1,378 k-ft > 774.1 k-ft OK, For 3.0 ksi concrete, the modular ratio, n = 9 (see S6.10.3.1.1b or calculate by dividing the steel modulus of elasticity by the concrete and rounding up as required by S5.7.1). b) A box culvert is constructed of R.C.C with one or more box casted monolithically. Determine dsx, the distance from the top bars of the bottom reinforcing mat to the compression surface. Other minor exceptions may be noted throughout the rest of this document. Determine s, the corresponding effective depth from the extreme fiber to the centroid of the tensile force in the tensile reinforcement. CONCRETE AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS. Design and Construction Standards The policy of including the effects of the substructure length change on the substructure forces varies from one jurisdiction to another. The slenderness moment magnification factors are typically determined in accordance with S4.5.3.2.2. Safety and Health Information Bulletins (SHIBs) Static Rs = 400 kips. In 2006, following the planning and approval processes, the first reconstruction using carbon concrete on an existing structure took place - here on the Schweinfurt hyperdome. If M/P < L/6 then the soil under the entire area of the footing is completely in compression and the soil stress may be determined using the conventional stress formula (i.e. To reduce. In the following section, the case of maximum axial load on the footing will be used to illustrate the bearing capacity calculations. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following: construction material handling, equipment, Assume the example bridge can be a one-way traffic bridge in the future. The resulting designs are termed integral or semi-integral depending upon the degree of continuity developed among superstructure, substructure, and approach slab elements. Concrete U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 202-366-4000 Potential Asbestos Contamination in Soft Concrete. Wikipedia Pressures on windward and leeward sides are to be taken simultaneously in the assumed direction of wind. S10.6.3.1.2c-2 and -3: From Table S10.5.5-1, several resistance factors are listed for cohesionless soil (sand). Hazards Associated with Strand Restraint Devices in Manufacturing Prestressed Concrete Beams. = 6 ft. = total, i.e., moist density of sand or gravel (TCF), = coefficients as specified in Table S10.6.3.1.2c-1 as a function of D, = depth to water surface taken from the ground surface (ft.), = modified bearing capacity factor (dimensionless), = bearing capacity factor as specified in Table S10.6.3.1.2c-2 for footings on relatively level ground, = bearing capacity factor as specified in Table S10.6.3.1.2c-2 for relatively level ground, = shape factors specified in Tables S10.6.3.1.2c-3 and -4, respectively, = soil compressibility factors specified in Tables S10.6.3.1.2c-5, = load inclination factors specified in Tables S10.6.3.1.2c-7 and -8, = depth factor specified in Table S10.6.3.1.2c-9. ), = 170 k/in. NHI General; LRFD for Highway Bridge Superstructures - Concrete TxDOT Bridge Division Winter Webinar February 7, 2020. Environmental impact of concrete = ratio of the maximum factored permanent load moment to the maximum factored total load moment, always positive. Reinforced concrete (RC), also called reinforced cement concrete (RCC) and ferroconcrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. Stress may exist in the absence of external forces; such built-in stress is important, for example, in prestressed concrete and tempered glass.Stress may also be imposed on a material without the application of net forces, for example by Prestressed concrete material is best for the construction of beam Bridge because it can endure high compressive stresses. At a minimum, the bridge design shall include appropriate. Figure 7.2-4-Crack Control for Positive Reinforcement Under Service Load.
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